Today Test

Today in HUMAN GEO,  we took our test! I studied and took many notes. so I think I did okay. the test was on Slumdog Millionaire and the five main religions we talked about. they are Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism. those are just the top religions. overall I think the test was good, and very easy if you studied

RELIGIONS

     THE EIGHTFOLD PATHS

        RIGHT VIEW

        RIGHT INTENTION

        RIGHT SPEECH

        RIGHT ACTION

        RIGHT LIVELIHOOD

        RIGHT EFFORT

        RIGHT MINDFULNESS

                  RIGHT DEDICATION

FOUR FAITHS

There is life

Attachment to desire is the origin of suffering

There is a cessation of suffering

The eightfold path will lead to the cessation of suffering

Judaism-

14-18 million (ninth)

Call themselves- Jews

Located- in Israel

Founder- Abraham

Holy book- Talmud, Torah (first five books of the old testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, numbers, Deuteronomy)

Beliefs- ethical monotheism- God is one, and concerned with the actions of humankind

• Ten commandments
• 13 principals of faith

Major Religions

Christianity

2.2 billion largest in the world

Call themselves- Christians

Located- in Europe, the Americas, Southern Africa

Founder- Jesus Christ

Holy book- The Bible, especially the New Testament

Beliefs- Jesus is both human and divine- the Son Of God; he led a virtuous life; he was crucified, died, buried and resurrected

Clergy- the pope is head of the church, priests are local authorities

Islam

1.5 billion (second largest)

Call themselves- Muslims

Located- in Indonesia, Middle East, North Africa

Founder- Muhammad (570-632)

Holy Book- Qur'an

Beliefs- monotheistic, Abrahamic Five Pillars (testimony, prayer, alms-giving, fasting, pilgrimage) ; Muslims see their purpose in life as serving and submitting to Allah(God), and observing Islamic law

 

Hinduism

1.1 billion (third largest)

Call themselves- Hindus

Located- in India or Nepal

Holy Book- The Vedas- eternal truth revealed to ancient sages; memorized and composed in verse form 

Founder- no district founder--- it is a series of intellectual or philosophical points of view, also believe in Recantation

Buddhism

500 million to 1.5 billion (vary)

Call themselves- Buddhist

Located- south Asia, china, Nepal, Japan, (there are 1.2 million in the U.S

Founder- Siddhartha Gautama

Denomination- Tibetan, Zen, Theravada, Amidst

Religion

Religion

-can be both a unifying force

• There are 5 major religions in the world today-- Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
• They have millions of followers all believing the same thing

-can also be a dividing force around the world

• Hindus and Muslims fight in India (Hindu) and Pakistan (Muslim)
• There are conflicts between Catholics and Protestants (two forms of Christianity) in Northern Ireland
• Jews, Christians and Muslims all claim Jerusalem as their religions holy site. They are constantly fighting over the land

Spatial divisions- are how we divide the livable space found on the Earth by establishing social, economic, and political control

Examples:

-Countries

-Economic alliances

• You can be a member of more than one spatial group
• Spatial divisions can also cause conflicts or cooperation
• European Union (EU)
• Organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC)

Culture

• Culture characteristics- are parts of a groups everyday life. They are the ides and themes which the groups will teach to all members. These same characteristics can also link or divide a region.

Examples: language, religion, and ethnic heritage

Example of culture:

Language-

-Arabic unites the Arab world

-Spanish unites the Hispanic world

• Canada is a bilingual nation.(two languages as their main language) French and English are their official languages
• Brazil is the only south American nation which does not speak Spanish, it speaks Portuguese
• Switzerland has multiple languages but very little conflict between the groups
• English is now considered the world language and is used for most business transactions around the world

Ethnic Heritage

-In Yugoslavia, many ethnic groups were made into one country (Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, Albanians)

• When strong leadership died out, the different groups fought a very bloody civil war and now they all have separate countries
• In the counties of Rwanda and Burundi in Africa, Two ethnic groups are dominate, Tutsis and the Hutus
• The united states and Switzerland have peacefully merged multiple ethnic groups in their countries.
• Korea, China and Japan have primarily one ethnic group